Global Sourcebook for International Data Management

Explanation of the terms endonym and exonym here . Return to exonyms summary page here

More information about these places is to be found in the country chapters. For technical reasons, all alternative place name versions in the lists below have been labelled as "exonyms", even though it may be a local-language alternative form.

Alternate place name forms/postal code tables can be acquired at http://www.grcdi.nl/settlements.htm External

Other language place name data can be acquired at http://www.grcdi.nl/otherlanguageplace.htm External

Exonyms in Italian

	Endonym/Exonym Italian
Exonyms in Albania	Bajram Curri → Valbona Ballsh → Balsidi Berat → Berati, Belgrado Bilisht → Biclista, Beliste Bulqizë → Sant’Anastasia Burrel → Birelli, Burelli Çorovodë → Moscopoli Delvinë → Delvino Dukat → Ducati Durrësi → Durazzo Elbasan → Bassania, Albassania Ersekë → Ersecco, Erseca Fier → Fierica, Fieri Gjirokastra → Argyrokastron, Argirocastro, Girocas Gramshi → Gramsci, Gremsi Himarë → Chimara Kavajë → Cavaia, Cavaglia Koplik → Copliacco, Cuplienicco, Coplicco Korçë → Corizza, Coriza, Corcia Krujë → Croia Krumë → Cruma, Icrama Kuçovë → Cuciovia, Cluca Kukës → Albanopoli, Zuchisi Laç → Lacci Lezhë → Alessio Librazhd → Liborasi, Casali di Sgombi Lushnjë → Lisignano Peqin → Pechigna, Pechini Përmet → Premiti, Permeti Peshkopi → Piscopia, Piscopeia, Episcopia Pogradec → Basogrado Pukë → Pica, Pubblicana Rrëshen → Orosci, Sant’Alessandro di Orosci Sarandë → Santi Quaranta, Saranda Shkodra → Scutari Tepelenë → Tepelenia Tiranë → Tirana Vlorë → Valona, Vallona
Exonyms in Algeria	Al-Jazā’ir or الجزائر‎ → Algeri Khemis → Miliana Ouahran or وهران → Orano Qacentina or قسنطينة → Costantina
Exonyms in Austria	Arnoldstein → Oristagno Salzburg → Salzburgo Salzburg → Zalcburga Villach → Villaco Wels → Velsa Wien → Vienna
Exonyms in Azerbaijan	Bakı → Baku Naxçıvan → Nakhcivan
Exonyms in Bangladesh	Dhaka or ঢাকা → Dacca
Exonyms in Belgium	Antwerpen → Anversa Brugge → Bruges Bruxelles/Brussel → Brusselle Gent → Gand Leuven → Lovanio Liège → Liegi Mechelen → Malinas Mechelen → Malines Oostende → Ostenda
Exonyms in Bulgaria	Никопол or Nikopol → Nicopoli Пловдив or Plovdiv → Filippopoli София or Sofiya → Sofia
Exonyms in China	Beijing or 北京市 → Pechino Guangzhou or 广州市 → Canton Nanjing or 南京 → Nanchino
Exonyms in Croatia	Antonci → Antonzi Babići → Babici Bakar → Buccari Bale → Valle Bašanija → Bassania Baška Voda → Porto Bestonio Bencani → Benzani Boljun → Bogliuno Brač → Brazza Brdo → Collato Brič → Briz Brkač → Bercaz Brtonigla → Verteneglio Buje → Buie Buzet → Pinguente Bužinija → Buzinia Cavtat → Ragusavecchia Čepić → Cepici or Ceppich Čepljani → Ceppiani Cerovlje → Cerreto Cres → Cherso Crikvenica → Cirquenizza Crveni Vrh → Monte Rosso Dajla → Daila Drniš → Dernis Dubrovnik → Ragusa Fažana → Fasana Funtana → Fontane Gajana → Gaiano Galižana → Gallesano Gamboči → Gambozzi Golubići → Golubici Gradac → Labinezza Gradinje → Gradigne Grožnjan → Grisignano Hum → Colmo Hvar → Lesina Ilivik → Asinello Imotski → Imoschi Ipši → Ipsi Iž → Eso Juricani → Giurizzani Kaldanija → Caldania Kaldir → Caldier Kanegra → Canegra Karigador → Carigador Karlobag → Carlopago Karlovac → Carlostadio Karšete → Carsette Kastav → Castua Kaštel → Castel Venere Kaštelir → Castelliere Kaštelir-Labinci → Castelliere-Santa Domenica Klis → Clissa Kmeti → Metti Knin → Tenin Komiža → Comisa Koprivnica → Coprivniza Korčula → Curzola Kostanjica → Castagna Krajići → Craici Kraljevica → Porto Re Krasica → Crasizza Krk → Veglia Kršan → Chersano Kršete → Carsette Kuberton → Cuberto Kućibreg → Cucibrech Labin → Albona Labinci → Santa Domenica Lastovo → Lagosta Livade → Levade Ližnjan → Lisignano Lopar → Loparo Lovran → Laurana Lovrečica → San Lorenzo Lupoglav → Lupogliano Makarska → Macarsca Makovci → Macovzi Marija na Krasu → Madonna di Carso Martinčići → Martincici Marušići → Marusici Merišće → Merischie Momjan → Momiano Mošćenica → Moschenizze Motovun → Montona Muntić → Monticchio Murine → Morno Nova Vas → Villa Nova Novigrad → Cittanova Ogulin → Ugulino Olib → Ulbo Omiš → Almissa Omišalj → Castel Muschio Opatija → Abbazia Oprtalj → Portole Opuzen → Forte Opus Osijek → Essechio or Essecchio Oskoruš → Oscorus Osor → Ossero Pag → Pago Pazin → Pisino Pazinski Novaki → Neusaß Pelegrin → San Pelegrino Peroj → Peroi Petrovija → Petrovia Pićan → Pedena Pirelići → Perelici Plovanija → Plovania Poreč → Parenzo Požega → Possega Pula → Pola Rab → Arbe Raša → Arsa Rijeka → Fiume Roč → Rozzo Rovinj → Rovigno Rovinjsko Selo → Villa di Rovigno Savudrija → Salvore Seget → Seghetto Senj → Segna Šibenik → Sebenico Silba → Selve Sinj → Signo or Sign Sisak → Siscia Šišan → Sissano Skradin → Scardona Šorgi → Sorghi Split → Spalato Stari Pazin → Niederburg Šterna → Sterna Susak → Sansego Sveta Lucia → Santa Lucia Sveta Marija na Krasu → Madonna de Carso Sveti Bartol → San Bortolo Sveti Ivan → San Giovanni Sveti Pelegrin → San Pelegrino Sveti Petar u Šumi → San Pietro in Selve Tar → Torre Triban → Tribano Trogir → Traù Ugljan → Ugliano Umag → Umago Valica → Valizza Valtura → Altura Varaždin → Varasdino Vardica → Vardiza Veprinac → Apriano Vilanija → Villania Vir → Puntadura Vis → Lissa Vižinada → Visinada Vižintini → Visintini Vodnjan → Dignano Volosko → Volosca or Volosco Vrbnik → Verbenico Vrsar → Orsera Vukovar → Volco Zadar → Zara Zagreb → Zagabria Zambratija → Zambrattia Završje → Piemonte Žminj → Gimino Žnjidanći → Znidarici Zrenj → Stridone
Exonyms in Cuba	La Habana → L’Avana
Exonyms in Cyprus	Larnaka or Λάρνακα → Larnaca Lefkosia or Λευκωσία → Nicosia Lemesos or Λεμεσός → Limisso Pafos or Πάφος → Pafo
Exonyms in Czechia / the Czech Republic	Brno → Bruna Opava → Troppavia Plzeň → Pilsen Praha → Praga
Exonyms in Denmark	Helsingør → Elsinore København → Copenhagen
Exonyms in Djibouti	Djibouti → Gibuti
Exonyms in Egypt	اسكندرية or El Iskandarîya → Alessandriai أسوان or Aswân → Assuan السويس‎ or El Suweis → Suez القاهرة or El Qâhira → Il Cairo بورسعيد or Borsaʿīd or Bûr Saîd → Porto Said دمياط or Dumyât → Damietta
Exonyms in Eritrea	Mitsiwa → Massaua ኣስመራ or Asmera → Asmara
Exonyms in Ethiopia	Dessie or ደሴ → Dessiè Mek’ele or መቐለ → Macallè Nejo → Neggio Nekemte → Lecamti or Lechemti or Lechenti Shashamene or ሻሸመኔ → Sciasciamanna Sheno → Sciano Sodo → Soddo or Soddu Soqota or ሰቆጣ → Socota Welkite → Nonno Were Ilu or ወረ ኃይሉ → Uorra Hailù Wuchale → Uccialli Wukro or ውቕሮ → Ougerat Ziway → Zuai
Exonyms in France	Agde → Agino or Agenno Aiglun → Aigluno Aigues-Mortes → Acquamorta Aire → Atura Aix-en-Provence → Acchisi or Ecchisi Ajaccio → Aiaccio Albertville → Villalberto Amboise → Ambosa Amiens → Amiano Angers → Angiò Angoulême → Angoleme Annonay → Annonai Antibes → Antibo Apt → Apta Arcachon → Arcachon Arles → Arli Arras → Arasso Ascros → Ascroso or Scroso Aspremont → Aspromonte Aubagne → Albagna Autun → Autuno Auvare → Auvara Auxerre → Ausserre Avignon → Avignone Bairols → Bairolo Barcelonnette → Barcellonetta Bayonne → Baiona Bazas → Basato Beaulieu-sur-Mer → Belluogo Beausoleil → Belsole Belfort → Belforte Belgodère → Belgodere Belley → Bellei Belvédère → Belvedere Bendejun → Bendigiuno or Bendegiuno Bergerac → Bergherago Berre-les-Alpes → Berra or Berre dell’Alpi Besançon → Besanzone Beuil → Boglio or Boglio Montano Béziers → Besiera Blausasc → Bleusasco or Blausasco Blaye → Blaia Blois → Blesa Bonson → Bonsone or Bausone Bordeaux → Bordò Boulogne-sur-Mer → Bologna di Mare Bouyon → Boione Breil-sur-Roya → Breglio or Beglio sul Roia Brie → Bregia Calais → Caleto or Calei Cannes → Canna Cantaron → Cantarone Cap-d’Ail → Capodaglio or Capo d’Aglio or Capo d’Aggio Cargèse → Cargese Carpentras → Carpentrasso or Carpentorato Castellar → Castellaro or Castellaro di Mentone Castelsarrasin → Castel Sarassino Castillon → Castiglione or Castiglione di Mentone Castres → Castro Cavaillon → Cavaglione Châlons-en-Champagne → Cialone sulla Marna or Scialone or Cialona Chalon-sur-Saône → Cialone sulla Saona or Scialone or Celona in Borgogna Chartres → Ciartre Châteaudun → Castelduno Châteauneuf-d’Entraunes → Castelnuvo d’Entraunes or Castelnuovo d’Entrone Châteauneuf-Villevieille → Castelnuovo-Villavecchia Cholet → Coleto Clans → Clanzo or Clanso Clermont-Ferrand → Chiaromonte or Chiaramonte-Ferrante Coaraze → Coarazza or Coarasa Colomars → Colomarte or Colombare Conségudes → Conseguda Contes → Conti Corbiere → Corbare Coulommiers → Colombiera Cuébris → Cuebris or Quebris Daluis → Daluigi Dax → Acque or Dacia Die → Dia Dieppe → Dieppa Digne-les-Bains → Digno delle Terme or Digna Dijon → Digione Dinan → Dinante Dole → Dola Donzère → Donzera Draguignan → Draghignano Drap → Drappo or Drapo Dreux → Droco or Durocassio Duranus → Duranuzzo or Daranusso Embrun → Ambrone or Ambruno Épinal → Spinale Èze → Eza Falicon → Falicone Faucigny → Fossigni Fontan → Fontano Forcalquier → Forcalchieri Galéria → Galeria Gap → Gapo Gilette → Giletta Grasse → Grassa Grenoble → Granopoli Guillaumes → Guglielmi Hyères → Iera Ilonse → Ilonza or Illonza Isola → Isola nel Mercantore L’Escarène → Scarena La Bollène-Vésubie → Bollena or Bolena La Brigue → Briga Marittima or Briga La Penne → La Penna La Rochelle → La Roccella La Roquette-sur-Var → Rocchetta del Varo La Tour → La Torre La Trinité → Trinità or Trinità Vittorio La Turbie → Turbia Lantosque → Lantosca Laon → Laone Laval → Lavalle Lavaur → Lavauro Le Mans → Cenomano Le Mas → Masio Le Puy → Podio or Poi Les Ferres → Ferri Levens → Levenzo or Levenso Libourne → Liborno or Liburno Lieuche → Liborno or Liburno Lille → Lilla Limoges → Limoge Lodève → Lodeva Longwy → Lungovico Lons-le-Saunier → Ledone Salinario Lure → Ludera or Lura Lyon → Lione Mâcon → Macone Malaussène → Malaussena or Magliassene Manosque → Manesco or Manosco Mantes-la-Jolie → Mante Marie → Maria Marmande → Marmanda Marseille → Marsiglia Massoins → Massoino or Maissone or Massoine Mauriac → Mauriaca Mende → Menda Menton → Mentone Mirande → Miranda or Meranda Moïta → Moita Montauban → Montalbano or Montealbano or Montelbano Montluçon → Monte Lussone or Monlussone Montmirail → Montemiraglio Moulinet → Moulinetto Nancy → Nansi Nantes → Nante or Nanta Narbonne → Narbona Nevers → Niverno Nice → Nizza Nîmes → Nimissi or Nimese Niort → Niorto Noyon → Noione Oloron-Sainte-Marie → Olerone Orléans → Orleano Pamiers → Pamiero Paris → Parigi Pau → Palo Peille → Peglia or Peglio di Nizza Peillon → Peglione Péone → Peona Périgueux → Petrogorio Perpignan → Perpignano Pierlas → Pierlasso or Pietralassa Pierrefeu → Pietrafuoco or Pietrafoco Poitiers → Pittieri Provins → Pruvino Puget-Rostang → Pogetto Rostang or Poggetto Rostagno Puget-Théniers → Poggetto Tenieri Reims → Remi Rennes → Renna Revest-les-Roches → Revesto Rigaud → Rigaud Rimplas → Reimplasso or Rimpiazzo d’Ilonza Romans-sur-Isère → Romano Roquebillière → Roccabigliera Roquebrune-Cap-Martin → Roccabruna or Roccabruna sul Capo Martino Roquesteron → Roccasterone Roubaix → Rubaci Roubion → Robione Rouen → Roano Roure → Rorà Roussillon → Rossiglione or Catalogna del Nord Saint-André-de-la-Roche → Sant-Andrea di Nizza Saint-Antonin → Sant-Antonino Saint-Blaise → San Boagio di Nizza Saint-Dalmas-le-Selvage → San Dalmazzo Selvatico or San Dalmazzo Selvaggio Saint-Denys → San Dionisio Saint-Dizier → San Desiderio Sainte-Agnès → Sant’Agnese Saintes → Santes Saint-Étienne → Santo Stefano Saint-Étienne-de-Tinée → Santo Stefano di Tinea Saint-Florent → San Fiorenzo Saint-Flour → San Floro Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat → San Giovanni Capo Ferrato Saint-Léger → San Leggero Saint-Lô → Santo Lo Saint-Martin-du-Var → San Martino del Varo Saint-Martin-Vésubie → San Martino Lantosca or San Martino Vesubia Saint-Nazaire → San Nazario Saint-Sauveur-sur-Tinée → San Salvatore di Tinea Saint-Tropez → San Torpe Sallagriffon → Sallagriffone Saorge → Saorgio Sarlat-la-Canéda → Sarlato Sartène → Sartena Saulieu → Salvoloco Saumur → Salmuro or Salmure Sauze → Sause or Salici Sens → Seno Sigale → Cigalla Sisteron → Sisterone Soissons → Soissone Sombernon → Sombernone Sospel → Sospello Strasbourg → Strasburgo Tarascon → Tarascona Tarbes → Tarbe Tarentaise → Tarantasia Tende → Tenda Thérouanne → Tarvenna Thiéry → Tieri Thouars → Toarcio Tonnerre → Tonnero Toudon → Todone Touët-de-l’Escarène → Toetto-Scarena Touët-sur-Var → Toetto di Boglio or Toetto sul Varo Toulon → Tolone Toulouse → Tolosa Tourette-du-Château → La Torretta Tournefort → Tornaforte Tourrette-Levens → Torretta Levenzo or Torrette Chiabaudi Tours → Turone Utelle → Utello or Utelle or Utella or Uteglia Vaison-la-Romaine → Vaisone Valdeblore → Valdiblora Valence → Valenza nel Delfinato Valenciennes → Valenzino Vannes → Vanna Vaucluse → Valchiusa Venanson → Venanzone or Venansone Vence → Venza Vendôme → Vendomo Verdèse → Verdese Verdun → Vernone Villars-sur-Var → Villar de Varo Villefranche-sur-Mer → Villafrance or Villafrance Marittima or Villafranca sul Mare Villeneuve-d’Entraunes → Villanova d’Entraunes or Villanuova d’Entrone Vire → Vira Viviers → Vivierse
Exonyms in French Guiana	Cayenne → Caienna
Exonyms in Germany	Aachen → Aquisgrana Augsburg → Aquisgrana Bamberg → Bamberga Berlin → Berlino Brandenburg → Brandeburgo Bremen → Brema Coburg → Coburgo Dresden → Dresda Frankfurt am Main → Francoforte sul Meno Frankfurt an der Oder → Francoforte sull’Oder Göttingen → Gottinga Hamburg → Amburgo Heidelberg → Aidelberga or Eidelberga Koblenz → Coblenza Köln → Colonia Konstanz → Constanza Leipzig → Lipsia Lübeck → Lubecca Lüneburg → Luneburgo Magdeburg → Magdeburgo Mainz → Magonza Meißen → Misnia München → Monaco (di Baviera) Nürnberg → Norimberga Oldenburg → Oldemburgo Passau → Passavia Regensburg → Ratisbona Speyer → Spira Stuttgart → Stoccarda Trier → Treviri Tübingen → Tubinga Ulm → Ulma Wittenberg → Vittemberga or Wittemberga Worms → Vormazia
Exonyms in Greece	Acheloos or Αχελώος → Aspropotamo or Acheloo Aigina or Αίγινα → Egina Alexandroupoli or Αλεξανδρούπολη → Alessandropoli Amphipolis or Αμφίπολη → Amphipolis Argos or Άργος → Argo Athínai or Αθήνα → Atene Chaironeia or Χαιρώνεια → Cheronea or Coronea Chalcis or Chalkida or Χαλκίδα → Chalcide Chania or Χανιά → La Canea Epidaurus or Επίδαυρος → Epidauro Igoumenitsa or Ηγουμενίτσα → Gomenizza or Igumenizza Ioannina or Ιωάννινα → Giannina Kérkira or Κέρκυρα → Corfù Kórinthos or Κόρινθος → Corinto Marathonas or Μαραθώνας → Maratona Megalopolis or Μεγαλόπολη → Megalopoli Megisti or Μεγίστη → Castelrosso Mesolongi or Μεσολόγγι → Missolungi Methoni or Μεθώνη → Modone Monemvasia or Μονεμβασία → Malvasia Mykines or Μυκήνες → Micene Mystras or Μυστρᾶς or Μιστρᾶς → Mistrà Nafpaktos or Ναύπακτος → Lepanto Nisyros or Νίσυρος → Nisiro Orchomenos → Orcomeno Patrai or Πάτρα → Patrasso Piraiévs or Πειραιεύς → Pireo Pylos or Πύλος → Navarino Ródos or Ρόδος → Rodi Samothraki or Σαμοθράκη → Samotracia Serifos or Σέριφος → Serfanto or Serifo Thessaloníki or Θεσσαλονίκη → Salonicco Thiva or Θῆβαι → Tebe Tilos or Τήλος → Píscopi Zakynthos or Ζάκυνθος → Zante or Zacinto
Exonyms in Hungary	Szeged → Seghedino
Exonyms in India	Kolkata or কলকাতা → Calcutta Mumbai or मुंबई → Bombay New Delhi or नई दिल्ली or ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ or نئی دہلی → Nuova Delhi
Exonyms in Indonesia	Jakarta → Giacarta
Exonyms in Iran	Tehran or تهران → Teheran or Tehran
Exonyms in Iraq	Al-Başrah or البصرة‎ → Bàssora
Exonyms in Ireland	Dublin → Dublino
Exonyms in Israel	Akko or עַכּוֹ or عكّا‎‎ → Acri Ashkelon or אַשְׁקְלוֹן or عسقلان‎‎ → Ascalona Nazerat Illit or נָצְרַת עִלִּית or الناصرة العليا‎‎ → Nazaret Teverya or טְבֶרְיָה or طبرية‎‎ → Tiberiade Yafo or יָפוֹ or يَافَا → Giaffa Yerushalayim or יְרוּשָׁלַיִם or القُدس‎ → Gerusalemme
Exonyms in Japan	Tokyo or 東京 → Tokio
Exonyms in Lebanon	Şaydā or صيدون‎ → Sidone Şūr or صور → Tiro Tarābulus or طرابلس‎ → Tripoli
Exonyms in Libya	Ajdābiyah or أجدابيا → Agedabia Al ‘Aziziyah or العزيزية → Al ‘Aziziyah Al Abraq or الأبرق → Luigi di Savoia Al Bauda or البيضاء → Beida Al Jawf or الجوف → El-Giof Al Khums or الخمس → Homs Al Marj or المرج → Barca or Barce Al Maya → Lemaia An Nawfaliyah or النوفلية → En-Nofalia Awbari or أوباري → Ubari Awjilah or أوجله → Áugila Az Zawiyah or الزاوية → Zauia or Zavia Bani Walid or بني وليد → Beni Ulid Bardiyah or البردية → Bardia Benghāzi or بنغازي → Bengasi Bin Jawad or بن جواد → Bin Jawad Darnah or درنة → Derna Gasr Garabulli → Castelverde Gharyan or غريان → Garian Ghat or غات‎‎ → Gat Ghudāmis or غدامس → Gadames Jadda’im or جوددائم → Geddaim Jadu or جادو → Giado Jaghbub or الجغبوب → Giarabub Jalu or جالو → Giálo Kambut or كمبوت → Gasr Cambút Kufra → Cufra Maradah or مرادة → Maráda Marawah or مراوة → Maraua Mashashita or المشاشطة → Masciascita Misrātah or مصراتة‎‎ → Misurata Mizdah or مزدة → Mizda Murzuk or مرزق → Murzuch Qaminis or قمينس → Ghemínes Sabhah or سبها → Sebha or Sabha Sawknah or سوكنة → Socna Shahhāt or شحات → Cirene Surt or سرت → Sirte Tabaqah or طبقة → Tobga Tarābulus or طرابلس → Tripoli Tarhunah or ترهونة → Tarhuna Tazirbu or تازربو‎‎ → Tazerbo or Taiserbo Ţubruq or طبرق → Tobruch or Tobruk Waddan or ودان → Uaddan or Ueddan Wazzin or وازن → Uazzan Yafran or يفرن → Iefren Zillah or زلة → Zella Zuwārah or زوارة → Zuára
Exonyms in Luxembourg	Lëtzebuerg → Lussemburgo
Exonyms in Malta	Birgu → Vittoriosa Birkirkara → Birchircara Birżebbuġa → Birzebbugia Bormla → Cospicua Dingli → Dingle Fgura → Figura Għajnsielem → Gainsielem Għarb → Garbo Għargħur → Gargur Għasri → Gasri or Ghasri Għaxaq → Asciac Gudja → Gudia Gżira → Gezira Iklin → L’Iclin Isla → Senglea Kemmuna → Comino Kerċem → Chercem Kirkop → Chircop Lija → Lia Marsaxlokk → Marsalocca or Marsa Scirocco Mdina → Medina Mġarr → Mugiarro Mosta → Musta Mqabba → Micabba Msida → Misida Mtarfa → Marfa Munxar → Monsciar Naxxar → Nasciaro Qala → La Cala Qormi → Curmi Qrendi → Crendi Rabat → Rabatto del Castello Raħal Ġdid → Paola San Ġiljan → San Giuliano San Ġwann → San Giovanni San Lawrenz → San Lorenzo San Pawl Il-Baħar → Baia di San Paolo Santa Luċija → Santa Lucia Siġġiewi → Suggeui Tarxien → Tarscen Valletta → La Valletta Wied Il-Għajn → Marsascala or Marsaskala Xagħra → Sciara Xewkija → Xeuchia Xgħajra → Sciaira Żebbuģ → Casal Zebbugi or Casala Zebbugia Żejtun → Zeitun Żurrieq → Zurrico
Exonyms in Mexico	Ciudad de México → Città di Messico
Exonyms in Montenegro	Bar or Бар → Antivari Budva or Будва → Budua Cetinje or Цетиње → Cettigne Herceg Novi or Херцег Нови → Castelnuovo Kotor or Котор → Cattaro Perast or Пераст → Perasto Prčanj → Perzagno Risan or Рисан → Risano Tivat or Тиват → Teodo Ulcinj or Улцињ → Dulcigno
Exonyms in Morocco	Ed-Dar el-Bida or الدار البيضاء → Casablanca Tanger or طنجة‎ → Tangeri
Exonyms in Netherlands	’s-Gravenhage → L’Aia ’s-Hertogenbosch → Boscoducale Groningen → Groninga Leiden → Leida Nijmegen → Nimega Vlissingen → Flessinga
Exonyms in North Korea	P’yongyang or 평양 → Pyongyang
Exonyms in Northern Cyprus	Mağusa or Gazimağusa → Famagosta
Exonyms in Oman	Musqaţ or مسقط → Mascate
Exonyms in Poland	Gdańsk → Danzica Kraków → Cracovia Lublin → Lublino Szczecin → Stettino Toruń → Turonia Warszawa → Varsavia Wisła → Vistola Wrocław → Breslavia
Exonyms in Portugal	Bragança → Braganza Lisboa → Lisbona Porto → Oporto
Exonyms in Romania	Bucureşti → Bucarest Constanţa → Constanza
Exonyms in Russia	Arhangelsk or Арха́нгельск → Ancangelo Moskva or Москва → Mosca Rostov-na-Donu or Росто́в-на-Дону́ → Rostov sul Don Sankt Petersburg or Санкт-Петербург → San Pietroburgo Yekaterinburg or Екатеринбу́рг → Jekaterinenburg
Exonyms in Saudi Arabia	Al Madinah or المدينة المنورة‎ → Medina Jiddah‎ or جدة‎ → Gedda Makkah or مكة → La Mecca
Exonyms in Serbia	Beograd or Београд → Belgrado
Exonyms in Slovenia	Ajdovščina → Aidussina Ajševica → Aisovizza Anhovo → Anicova Ankaran → Ancarano Babiči → Babici or Babici di Maresego Banjšice → Bainsizza Batuje → Battuglia Bertoki → Bertocchi Bezovica → Besovizza Boršt → Boste Bošamarin → Bossamarin Bovec → Plezzo Branik → Rifenbergo Brda → Collio Breginj → Bergogna Brje → Bria dei Furlani Budanje → Budagne Butari → Buttari Celje → Cilli or Celeia Čentur → Centora Čepovan → Chiappovano Cerknica → Circonio Cerkno → Circhina Čežarji → Cesari Col → Zolla Črni Vrh → Montenero d’Idria Črniče → Cernizza Goriziana Dekani → Villa Deccani Divača → Divaccia Dobravlje → Dobraule Dobrovo → Castel Dobra Dolga Poljana → Campolongo di Vipacco Dornberk → Montespino Drežnica → Dresenza Fiesa → Fiesso Gaberje → Gabria Grgar → Gargaro Hrpelje-Kozina → Erpelle-Cosina Hrvatini → Crevatini Idrija → Idria Ilirska Bistrica → Villa del Nevoso Izola → Isola Kal nad Kanalom → Cal di Canale Kamnje → Camigna Kampel → Campel or Campello Kanal ob Soči → Canale d’Isonzo Kobarid → Caporetto Komen → Comeno Koper → Capodistria Koseč → Cossis Kranj → Cragno Kranjska Gora → Carniola or Monte Cragnisca Krkavče → Carcase or Carcauzze Krnica → Carnizza Kromberk → Moncorona Libušnje → Libussina Lipica → Lipizza Ljubljana → Lubiana Logatec → Longatico Lokavec → Locavizza Lucija → Lucia Marezige → Maresego Maribor → Marburgo Miren → Merna Most na Soči → Santa Lucia Nova Gorica → Nuova Gorizia Novaki → Novacchi Novo Mesto → Nova Urbe Opatje Selo → Opachiasella Ozeljan → Ossegliano or Ossegliano San Michele Parecag → Parezzago Piran → Pirano Pivka → San Pietro del Carso Podnanos → San Vito di Vipacco Pomjan → Paugnano Portoroz → Portorose Postojna → Postumia Ptuj → Petovio Rakitovec → Acquaviva dei Vena Renče → Renzano or Ranziano Rižana → Risano Seča → Sezza Sečovlje → Sicciole Šempas → San Basso or Sambasso Šempeter-Vrtojba → San Pietro-Vertoiba Sežana → Sesana Škocjan → San Canziano Skrilje → Scrilla Šmarje → Samaria Šmartno ob Dreti → San Martino Soča → Sonzia Solkan → Salcano Štanjek → Monte San Daniele Strunjan → Strugnano Šturje → Sturie delle Fusine Temnica → Temenizza Tinjan → Antignano Tolmin → Tolmino Ustje → Ustie Velike Žablje → Sable Grande Vipava → Vipacco Vipavski Križ → Santa Croce di Aidussina Vrhnika → Verconico or Nauporto Vrtovin → Vertovino
Exonyms in Somalia	Barbera → Berbera Gaalkacyo → Gallacaio Kismayo → Chisimaio Marka → Merca Mogadishu → Mogadiscio
Exonyms in South Africa	Cape Town or Kaapstad → Città del Capo
Exonyms in South Korea	Seoul or 서울시 → Seul
Exonyms in South Sudan	Juba or جوبة → Giuba
Exonyms in Spain	Barcelona → Barcellona Cádiz → Cadice Córdoba → Cordova Granada → Granata Roncesvalles → Roncisvalle Sevilla → Siviglia Valencia → Valenza Zaragoza → Saragozza
Exonyms in Sudan	Kassala or كسلا‎‎ → Cassala
Exonyms in Sweden	Göteborg → Gotemburgo Stockholm → Stoccolma
Exonyms in Syria	Dimashq or دمشق → Damasco Halab or ﺣﻠﺐ‎ → Aleppo Hims or حمص‎ → Homs
Exonyms in Tunisia	Bizerte or بنزرت → Biserta Djerba or جربة → Gerba Halq Al-Wādī or حلق الوادي‎ → La Goletta Qabis or قابس → Gabes Safaqis or صفاقس → Sfax Sousse or سوسة → Susa Tunis or تونس → Tunisi
Exonyms in Turkey	Antalya → Adalia Bodrum → Alicarnasso Bursa → Brussa or Prusa Edirne → Adrianopoli Gelibolu → Gallipoli İskenderun → Alessandretta İstanbul → Costantinopoli İzmir → Smirne İzmit → Nicomedia Kayseri → Cesarea Trabzon → Trebisonda
Exonyms in Ukraine	Київ or Kiyev → Kijev Львів or Lviv → Leopoli Одеса or Odesa → Odessa Севасто́поль or Sevastopol → Sebastopoli Сімферополь or Simferopol’ → Sinferopoli
Exonyms in United Kingdom	Edinburgh → Edimburgo London → Londra
Exonyms in Uzbekistan	Buxoro or Бухоро → Buchara Samarqand → Samarcanda Toškent or Тошкент → Taskent
Exonyms in Yemen	Al ’Adan or عدن‎ → Aden
Exonyms on the West Bank	أريحا or Arīḥā‎ → Gerico الخليل or al-Khalīl → Hebron بيت لحم‎ or Bayt Lahm‎ → Betlemme نابلس‎ or Nāblus → Nablus

Every effort is made to keep this resource updated. If you find any errors, or have any questions or requests, please don't hesitate to contact the author.

All information copyright Graham Rhind 2024. Any information used should be acknowledged and referenced.